K2™

Multifrequency Cross-Correlation Phase and Modulation Fluorometer

With over 100 installed units all over the world, the K2™ family of Multifrequency Cross-Correlation Phase and Modulation Fluorometers represents a solid and well-proven approach to fluorescence and phosphorescence instrumentation for the research laboratory. K2™'s are used by researchers at the ETH in Zurich, Switzerland, the MIT in Cambridge, MA, the NIH in Rockville, MD, or at the NASA research facility in Huntsville, AL. For a more comprehensive list of users, click here.

Its optical design and automatic instrument control are state-of-the-art for steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Full automation and the user-friendly Vinci software package make the instrument easy to use for both, the student and the scientist.

For a demonstration of the acquisition and analysis capabilities of Vinci - Multidimensional Fluorescence Spectroscopy, choose between the following two options:

Embedded Flash File
Executable Presentation File (Use the Esc key to exit the file)

Measurements (Steady-State Fluorescence)

Corrected excitation and emission spectra
Excitation-emission matrices
- Ovalene
- 3D Ovalene
Excitation polarization spectra
Polarization (anisotropy) measurements
Millisecond kinetics in photon counting mode
Dual-wavelength-ratiometric excitation or emission measurements

Measurements (Time-Resolved Fluorescence)

Features

Lifetime measurement capabilities from 1 millisecond to 1 picosecond
Complete lifetime scans in less than one minute on routine samples with proprietary FastScan technology
A compact footprint and a short optical pathlength for maximum sensitivity and efficient light coupling into the sample
T-format and parallel beam optical design for fast and precise polarization measurements
Full automation of all instrument components (cuvette holder, polarizers, shutters, filterwheel, monochromators, and stirrers)
PC-controlled integration of termperature bath, titrator, stopped-flow apparatus and pressure pump
Measurement of fast kinetics data with one millisecond resolution in photon counting mode
80 MHz pre-amplifier discriminators delivering linearity up to over eight million counts per second on each channel
Flexible instrument configuration
Upgradeable with Ti:Sapphire laser and laser diodes

Three models of K2™ are available, and each comes fully automated and upgradeable to the next level model:

K2™-001 K2™-FastScan

The FastScan is our most popular model: lifetime data acquisition on a routine sample can be acquired in less than one minute using either a lamp or a laser. The cross-correlation is user-selectable up to 5000 Hz and data acquisition is performed through a FFT routine; the instrument covers the modulation frequency range from 300 KHz up to 350 MHz with a lamp and up to 450 MHz using a cw laser.

K2™-002 1.2 GHz Upgrade

This model requires a mode-locked laser as excitation source and a microchannel plate detector (MCP-PMT) for the collection of fluorescence. Alternatively, a laser diode can be utilized as the light source to measure frequency responses up to about 1 GHz. The cross-correlation is user-selectable up to 5000 Hz and data acquisition is performed through a FFT routine. It includes the FastScan upgrade and operates at modulation frequency up to 1.2 GHz.

K2™-003 6 GHz Upgrade

The K2™-003 is an upgrade of the K2™-002: it operates in the frequency range up to 6 GHz.