ChronosFD™ Specifications

Instrument Features

• Compact and portable
• Interchangeable solid state light modules for various wavelengths
• Full hardware automation
• Full acquisition automation
• Speed – complex decays are acquired in less than one minute

Measurements

• Frequency responses of multi-exponential decay times
• Anisotropy decays (rotational correlation times)
• Phase- and modulation-resolved kinetics
• Phase- and modulation-resolved spectra
• Millisecond lifetime kinetics
• Time-resolved spectra
• Time-resolved protein fluorescence
• Time-resolved energy transfer

Instrument Specifications

Light Sources

• Laser diodes
• Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
• Continuous wave lasers (argon-ion, krypton-ion, helium-cadmium, etc.)
• 300 W xenon arc lamp, 45 mW/nm brightness at 275 nm

Monochromators

• Single concave holographic grating

  Wavelength range: from 200 nm to 1200 nm (dependent on selected grating)
  Wavelength accuracy: ±0.2 nm
  Wavelength reproducibility: ±0.25 nm
  Slew rate: 160 nm/s

• Optional: double grating

Focusing and Collection Geometry

• Parallel beam design for most precise polarization measurements

Polarizers

• UV-grade Glan-Thompson, 10x10 mm, L/A=2.0
• UV-grade Glan-Thompson, 14x14 mm, L/A=2.0
• UV-grade Glan-Taylor, 10x10 mm, L/A=2.0 (for high power lasers)

Detectors

• Selected side-on photomultiplier tubes in room-temperature or cooled housing
• Optional: CCD camera

Detection Modes

• Photon counting electronics, 10 KHz, on 3 independent channels
• Analog Output on 3 channels

Pre-Amplifier Discriminators

• 100 MHz bandwidth, TTL output

Dynamic Range

• Linear up to 4 million counts/second

Lifetime Measurements Range

• 100 millisecond to 20 picoseconds (dependent on model; the shortest measurable decay time is determined by the light detector frequency response)

Computer and Operating System

• Intel-type CPU, Windows XP operating system

Power Requirements

• Universal power input: 110-240 V, 50/60 Hz, 400 VAC

Dimensions

• 516 mm (L) x 400 mm (W) x 250 mm (H)

Weight

• 17 kg

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